Airway Bill (AWB) – Everything You Need to Know for Smooth Air Freight Shipping

When shipping goods by air, one document is absolutely essential — the Airway Bill (AWB). It’s more than just a shipping label — it’s a legal contract, proof of shipment, tracking tool, and customs clearance document all in one.

What is an Airway Bill?

An Airway Bill is a legally binding contract between the shipper (sender) and the carrier (airline) for the transportation of goods by air.
It serves multiple purposes:

  • Describes what’s being shipped and where it’s going
  • Confirms that the carrier has received the goods
  • Provides tracking details to follow the shipment
  • Sets out the carrier’s liability and terms

Key Information in an AWB

An Airway Bill contains crucial details for safe and smooth shipment:

  1. Shipper Information
    • Name and address
    • Contact Number
    • TAX ID / VAT Number
  2. Consignee (Receiver) Information
    • Name and address
    • Contact Number
    • TAX ID (if required)
  3. Flight and Routing Details
    • 3-letter IATA airport code for origin
    • 3-letter IATA airport code for destination
  4. Cargo Description
    • Type of goods
    • Number of packages
    • Weight and dimensions
    • Value of goods
    • Special instructions (e.g., fragile, perishable)

Who Issues the AWB?

  1. Designed and standardized by IATA (International Air Transport Association).
  2. Completed by your freight forwarder, shipping agent, or the airline itself.
  3. You must provide a Shipper’s Letter of Instruction (SLI) to authorize them to sign it on your behalf.

Filling in the Airway Bill – Process

  1. Provide accurate shipment details to your agent or airline.
  2. Double-check all entries — even small errors can delay customs clearance.
  3. Ensure signatures and date are included from both shipper and carrier.
  4. Keep your copy for proof and tracking.

Tip: If details are wrong, you (the shipper) can be held liable for delays, fines, or extra costs.

AWB vs. Bill of Lading – The Difference

Airway Bill (AWB) Bill of Lading (B/L)
Used for air freight Used for sea or land freight
Non-negotiable – does not represent goods’ value or ownership Negotiable – can transfer ownership of goods
Confirms shipment and destination Confirms shipment and gives legal title to goods
Faster processing (no need for original at destination) Slower – original B/L often needed for cargo release

Why AWB is Important?

  • Ensures legal protection for both shipper and carrier
  • Helps track and trace cargo during transit
  • Acts as proof of shipment and receipt
  • Facilitates customs clearance at origin and destination
  • Helps in insurance claims in case of damage or loss

Final Checklist Before Shipping

  • Verify all details (names, addresses, cargo info, IATA codes)
  • Ensure AWB is signed and dated by both parties
  • Keep your tracking number safe
  • Match AWB details with your commercial invoice and packing list